This study aims to quantify the revenue and analyze the value-added seaweed crackers productof SMEs A and SMEs B in Bantaeng District by using the income formula and the value-added revenuemethod. The results shows that SMEs A gains higher revenues amounted IDR 1.618.862 than SMEs B,which get the most revenue IDR. 885.250. It is influenced by the type of product, activities production,capital, and marketing. Meanwhile, the ratio of the value-added of SMEs A was also higher by 91.30%,with a profit rate of 98.54% compared to 88.43% for SMEs B by a margin of 98.43%. It can be assumedthat the seaweed cracker business can improve the incomes and public welfare in Bantaeng.
Digital library
-
-
Prospecting macroalgae (seaweeds) as feedstocks for bioconversion into biofuels and commodity chemical compounds is limited primarily by the availability of tractable microorganisms that can metabolize alginate polysaccharides. Here, we present the discovery of a 36-kilo-base pair DNA fragment from Vibrio splendidus encoding enzymes for alginate transport and metabolism. The genomic integration of this ensemble, together with an engineered system for extracellular alginate depolymerization, generated a microbial platform that can simultaneously degrade, uptake, and metabolize alginate. When further engineered for ethanol synthesis, this platform enables bioethanol production directly from macroalgae via a consolidated process, achieving a titer of 4.7% volume/volume and a yield of 0.281 weight ethanol/weight dry macroalgae (equivalent to ~80% of the maximum theoretical yield from the sugar composition in macroalgae).
-
Seaplants (a better alternative to the misnomer “Seaweeds”), by all means, are “future plants”; they have been projected as the future viand for ever-increasing human populations, viable and sustainable source for biofuel without disturbing global food scenario, as potential candidates for carbon capture and sequestration that is considered as a practical remedy for global warming, and they have a number of pharmaceutical, industrial and biotechnological applications. However, information on its cultivation methods or life history remain obscure to a majority of marine botanists. While life histories of seaweeds have traditionally been an exotic topic for specialists-language of which is ciphered with scientific jargons incomprehensible to general scientific audience, its agronomy had been a trade secret for coastal communities in East Asian countries, especially Japan, the Philippines and Indonesia. In this up-to-date illustrated review, current scientific understanding on the life-histories of agronomically pertinent seaweeds are presented in a fashion akin to popular science journalism with an overview of major coastal and offshore seaweed mariculture techniques, presented with the aid of clear-tounderstand illustrations. Also discussed in this report are recent advances in the algal natural products; including uses in hydrocolloid and pharmaceutical industries, Integrated Multi Trophic Aquaculture, energy production, environmental impacts of the seafarming and its counter measures, before concluding with an overview of future research avenues.
-
Marine macroalgae are available in large quantities in many regions of the world and have been widely investigated as potential biosorbents for the removal of metals in wastewaters. However, few studies have been published on the biosorption of metals with seaweeds waste after the extraction of bioactive compounds.
This dissertation presents the study about: 1) the valorisation of macroalgae biomass based on the biorefinery concept giving rise to added-value byproducts like polyphenols and polysaccharides, and 2) the use of the produced waste to remove Cu(II) from contaminated wastewaters.
Chemical characterization of the two seaweeds studied, Ascophyllum nodosum and Ulva rigida, was performed. A.nodosum presented a higher percentage of ashes (13.8 ± 0.1 %) than U.rigida (10.9 ± 0.2 %). Regarding the percentage of polysaccharides, A. nodosum presented a lower percentage (45 ± 2 %) than U. rigida (48.7 ± 0.1 %). About the polyphenolic content, A. nodosum presented a higher value (0.95 mg GAE g-1) than U.rigida (0.33 mg GAE g-1).
FTIR analyses of Ascophyllum nodosum, before and after Cu(II) biosorption, identified some of the main functional groups that play a key role in metal biosorption: carboxyl functional group – COOH and alcohol functional group - OH. FTIR analyses of Ascophyllum nodosum were performed before and after extraction of polyphenols, indicating that the lack of this bioactive compounds reduced the hydroxyl stretches.
Preliminary biosorption tests for Cu(II) removal by Ascophyllum nodosum before and after extraction of polyphenols, present best results with A. nodosum virgin at pH values of 4 and 5. The adsorbed amount values obtained were in a range between 2.13- 2.25 mg g-1.
The biosorption kinetics was found to be fast, with more than 50% of Cu(II) maximum adsorption equilibrium capacity attained within 15 minutes and equilibrium reached after 30 minutes. This kinetic data was fitted to pseudo first-order and pseudo second-order models.
-
The Irish Marine Institute has identified the potential of marine natural resources to be exploited as high value-added products. Marine biotechnology is at an early stage of development, and therefore, more of the potential global market is open for development by Ireland than is the case for other sectors. A key area of growth, both in Ireland and Europe is the use of seaweeds for various applications including bioremediation of heavy metal contaminated waters.
This thesis has demonstrated a method for identifying the most promising seaweeds for metal biosorption through the use of multiple analytical techniques. A comprehensive study of dead biomass of six locally derived seaweeds (Fucus vesiculosus, Fucus spiralis, Ulva lactuca, Ulva spp., Palmaria palmata and Polysiphonia lanosa) and three regionally significant metals (Cu (II), Cr (III) and Cr (VI)) was carried out. Fundamental investigations into metal binding were undertaken in order to determine the potential binding capacity of the seaweeds, the factors influencing binding and their potential mechanisms of binding. This work has adapted a number of analytical techniques previously used for seaweed analysis and modified them so that binding information supplementary to that found in the literature could be obtained. Studies indicated that seaweed is polyfunctional in nature with groups of varying affinities for metal ions. The quantity and distribution of these groups varied between species. Variations in experimental parameters were shown to influence the quantity of metal bound to the seaweeds, with optimum conditions dependent on the metal under investigation. Isotherm modelling revealed that Fucus vesiculosus and Polysiphonia lanosa were most effective in removing cations and anions respectively from solutions containing high residual metal concentrations while Palmaria palmata was superior for both cation and anion removal at low residual concentrations. Therefore, this implied that the most suitable seaweed biosorbent was ultimately dependent upon its final application. Changes in seaweed functional groups after metal binding were monitored using FTIR analysis with novel information on the timescale of Cu (II) binding presented.
Ion-exchange and complexation mechanisms were shown to occur for cation binding while a surface reduction mechanism was also apparent during anion binding. The use of multiple chemical modification techniques confirmed binding mechanisms and identified a methodology for capacity enhancement of the seaweeds. Important changes in surface morphology and binding mechanism were established using surface analysis techniques such as SEM/EDX and XPS while a novel methodology for seaweed surface analysis using SFM was also demonstrated.
-
Background: Nutritional well-being is the prerequisite condition for a sustainable improvement in human wel- fare. Human gut microbiota plays a magnificent role in balancing the condition of metabolic syndrome man- agement. Currently, the gut microbiome mediated immune system is gaining attention for the treatment of several health ailments such as diabetes, gastrointestinal disorders, and malnourishment. Bioactive compounds from marine polysaccharides from seaweeds are found beneficial for enhancing the activity of gut microbes. Scope and approach: There were limited reviews in recent times to discuss the updates on extraction, purification and biological activities of dietary fibers using non-conventional methods. The present review inspects on the proximal and structural composition of seaweed polysaccharides and their methods of extraction and pur- ification aspects. It also focuses on the immune modulating mechanisms of prebiotic-probiotic synergetic in- teraction by stimulating beneficial gut microbial activity and by the production of short-chain fatty acids. The mutual relationship between prebiotics and probiotics that leads to a healthy gut was targeted in the present review.
Key findings and conclusions: Marine seaweeds polysaccharides are the untapped bioresources to be explored for its biotherapeutic properties of dietary fibers. The practical complications on extracting polysaccharides by a single technique could be overcome by adopting the strategy of utilizing combinatorial extraction and pur- ification techniques. Its prebiotic effect aids in the enhancement of gut microbial activity by exhibiting the properties of non-digestibility, fermentability, and pathogen inhibition potential. The impending benefits of dietary fiber from seaweed polysaccharides as prebiotics for formulating functional food ingredients along with probiotic microbes to exhibit immunomodulation applications. Therefore, intended human clinical trials should be carried out to evaluate and discover the probiotic-prebiotic relationship in the human gut, which could step out the research to the next level in the medicinal world.
-
Background: The catalytic mechanism and substrate recognition required for cleavage of the -linkage in agarose are unclear.
Results: Structural analysis of a family 117 glycoside hydrolase details substrate recognition and supports an inverting mechanism.Conclusion: GH117 enzymes use substrate distortion and an unusual general acid for catalysis.
Significance: Microbes may utilize alternate strategies to catalyze the degradation of polysaccharides with unique structural characteristics -
This research was conducted in the seaweed industries in South Sulawesi, especially in theMakassar industrial area (KIMA). The purpose of this study is to develop a strategy for developingseaweed commodity processing industries to increase added value. Analysis of the data used is usingSWOT analysis. With SWOT analysis, it can produce several alternative strategies in making gooddecisions to be carried out. So that it can determine the development strategy of the seaweed industry. Theresults showed an IFAS score of 2.79 and a score for the EFAS results of 2.85. When converted into IEMatrix diagram, it is located in quadrant V, where the results of the company enter into the phase ofGrowth and Stability. The right strategy for companies in quadrant V is SO strategy, using a strategy thatutilizes existing opportunities by utilizing the strengths they possess, namely by intensification andextensification of cultivated land, diversification of seaweed processed products and development of fisheryproducts that have high added value including the biotechnology-based industry.
-
Marine bacteria contribute significantly towards the fouling consortium, both directly (modern foul release coatings fail to prevent “slime” attachment) and indirectly (biofilms often excrete chemical cues that attract macrofouling settlement). This study assessed the natural product anti-biofilm performance of an extract of the seaweed, Chondrus crispus, and two isolated compounds from terrestrial sources, (+)-usnic acid and juglone, against two marine biofilm forming bacteria, Cobetia marina and Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus. Bioassays were developed using quantitative imaging and fluorescent labelling to test the natural products over a range of concentrations against initial bacterial attachment. All natural products affected bacterial attachment; however, juglone demonstrated the best anti-biofilm performance against both bacterial species at a concentration range between 5–20 ppm. In addition, for the first time, a dose-dependent inhibition (hormetic) response was observed for natural products against marine biofilm forming bacteria.
-
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is the causative agent of a fever blister, genital herpes and neonatal herpes. Treatment of HSV infection was performed by acyclovir. Acyclovir remains to have a side effect in the case of long-term usage, and the virus may develop drug resistance. Therefore, these problems are interesting to study the natural substance for the treatment of HSV infection and drug-resistant HSV infection. In the present, edible algae are supplied as a healthy food because algae contain high nutrition and have many active compounds that are beneficial to health. Therefore, the algal extract can be used as an alternative agent for the treatment of HSV infection. The purpose of this research was to investigate the inhibitory effect of the algal polysaccharide extracts from Ulva reticulata against herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 infection in Vero cell. The structure of polysaccharide was analyzed by FT-IR technique. The algal polysaccharide extract from U. reticulata represents S=O and C–O–S of sulfate group. Besides, the toxicity of algal polysaccharide extract on Vero cell was evaluated by MTT assay. The algal polysaccharide extract from U. reticulata showed low toxicity on the cells with 50% cytotoxic concentration was greater than 5000 μg/mL. Inhibition of HSV infection was determined on Vero cell using plaque reduction assay. The results indicated that the algal polysaccharide extracts from U. reticulata showed antiviral activity against HSV-1 upon treatment before, meanwhile and after viral adsorption with 50% effective concentration of 2,525.90, 58.32 and 263.95 μg/mL, respectively. Also, the algal polysaccharide extracts from U. reticulata showed antiviral activity against HSV-2 upon treatment before, meanwhile and after viral adsorption with EC50 of 163.26, 9.70 and 527.28 μg/mL, respectively. Besides, HSV-1 and HSV-2 viral particles were inactivated by the polysaccharide extract from U. reticulata. In summary, the polysaccharide extract from U. reticulata could protect Vero cell from HSV infection, inhibit HSV infection and inactivate HSV particles. Therefore, it will be useful to apply U. reticulata polysaccharide extract as a potential anti-HSV agent.
Pages
Marine Agronomy Group, CAFNRM, UH-Hilo
200 W. Kawili st., HI 96720, USA
Contact: Marine.Agronomy.Group@gmail.com
Funding for this web portal is provided by the World Wildlife Fund and the University of Hawaii-Hilo.