Biochemistry of methanogenesis

The recent and unexpected finding that methanogenic bacteria occupy an isolated biochemical island in the sea of procaryotes has added a touch of excitement to the study of these organisms1. This island is defined by such diverse biochemical qualities as: a very restricted range of oxidizable substrates coupled to the biosynthesis of methane; synthesis of an unusual range of cell-wall components; synthesis of biphytanyl glycerol ethers as well as high amounts of squalene; synthesis of unusual coenzymes and growth factors; synthesis of rRNA that is distantly related to that of typical bacteria; possession of a genome size (DNA) approaching 1/3 that of E. coli.